<<
i>networking
i>> (Note: capital "
I").
The Internet is
the largest
internet (with a small "
i") in
the world. It is a three
level
hierarchy composed of
backbone networks, {mid-level
networks}, and
stub networks. These include commercial
(.com or .co), university (.ac or .edu) and other research
networks (.org, .net) and military (.mil) networks and span
many different physical networks around
the world with various
protocols, chiefly
the Internet Protocol.
Until
the advent of
the World-Wide Web in 1990,
the Internet
was almost entirely unknown outside universities and corporate
research departments and was accessed mostly via {command
line} interfaces such as
telnet and
FTP. Since then it
has grown to become an almost-ubiquitous aspect of modern
information systems, becoming highly commercial and a widely
accepted medium for all sort of customer relations such as
advertising, brand building, and online sales and services.
Its original spirit of cooperation and freedom have, to a
great extent, survived this explosive transformation with
the
result that
the vast majority of information available on
the
Internet is free of charge.
While
the web (primarily in
the form of
HTML and
HTTP) is
the best known aspect of
the Internet, there are many other
protocols in use, supporting applications such as
electronic mail,
Usenet,
chat,
remote login, and {file
transfer}.
There were 20,242 unique commercial domains registered with
InterNIC in September 1994, 10% more than in August 1994.
In 1996 there were over 100
Internet access providers in
the
US and a few in
the UK (e.g.
the BBC Networking Club,
Demon,
PIPEX).
There are several bodies associated with
the running of
the
Internet, including
the Internet Architecture Board,
the
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority,
the {
Internet
Engineering and Planning Group}, {
Internet Engineering
Steering Group}, and
the Internet Society.
See also
NYsernet,
EUNet.
The Internet Index (http://openmarket.com/intindex) -
statistics about
the Internet.
(2000-02-21)